{
 "dataset": "The Six Diaspora Citizenship & Integration Policy Tracker",
 "publisher": "The Black Executive Journal (The Six)",
 "url": "https://six.blackexecutivebrief.com/policy",
 "updated": "2026-10-14",
 "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
 "terms": null,
 "fields": [
  "id",
  "title",
  "country",
  "iso2",
  "region",
  "scope",
  "category",
  "status",
  "effective_date",
  "year",
  "summary",
  "evidence",
  "source_name",
  "source_url",
  "verified_as_of"
 ],
 "rows": [
  {
   "id": 20,
   "title": "Decade of Return: citizenship for Afro-descendants",
   "country": "Guinea-Bissau",
   "iso2": "GW",
   "region": "R2",
   "scope": "country",
   "category": "diaspora_citizenship",
   "status": "enacted",
   "effective_date": null,
   "year": 2025,
   "summary": "Under its Decade of Return initiative (launched 2021), Guinea-Bissau granted citizenship to nine Afro-descendants of the US-based Balanta B'urassa History and Genealogy Society in January 2025.",
   "evidence": "granted citizenship to nine Afro-descendants",
   "source_name": "Global Voices",
   "source_url": "https://globalvoices.org/2025/08/17/the-african-countries-offering-citizenship-to-diasporans/",
   "verified_as_of": "2026-10-14"
  },
  {
   "id": 17,
   "title": "Citizenship conferred on 524 diaspora Africans (November 2024)",
   "country": "Ghana",
   "iso2": "GH",
   "region": "R2",
   "scope": "country",
   "category": "diaspora_citizenship",
   "status": "enacted",
   "effective_date": "2024-11-19",
   "year": 2024,
   "summary": "At a ceremony at the Accra International Conference Centre, 524 African diasporans took the oath of allegiance as Ghanaian citizens, following the 2019 Year of Return and the Beyond the Return programme.",
   "evidence": "Some 524 African diasporans were granted Ghanaian citizenship",
   "source_name": "Ghana News Agency",
   "source_url": "https://gna.org.gh/2024/11/24-diasporan-africans-granted-ghanaian-citizenship-in-ceremony/",
   "verified_as_of": "2026-10-14"
  },
  {
   "id": 18,
   "title": "Nationality for Afro-descendants (Law No. 2024-31, amended by Law 2025-11)",
   "country": "Benin",
   "iso2": "BJ",
   "region": "R2",
   "scope": "country",
   "category": "diaspora_citizenship",
   "status": "in_force",
   "effective_date": "2024-09-02",
   "year": 2024,
   "summary": "Recognises Beninese nationality for adults who can show a Sub-Saharan African ancestor deported during the transatlantic slave trade. Applications are made through the government platform myafroorigins.bj.",
   "evidence": "Law No. 2024-31 of 2 September 2024, amended and supplemented by Law 2025-11 of 1 July 2025",
   "source_name": "Government of Benin, Afro-descendants",
   "source_url": "https://benin.bj/en/afro-descendants",
   "verified_as_of": "2026-10-14"
  },
  {
   "id": 19,
   "title": "Citizenship for African Americans with Sierra Leonean DNA ancestry",
   "country": "Sierra Leone",
   "iso2": "SL",
   "region": "R2",
   "scope": "country",
   "category": "diaspora_citizenship",
   "status": "enacted",
   "effective_date": "2021-01-05",
   "year": 2021,
   "summary": "President Julius Maada Bio conferred citizenship and passports on 22 African Americans who traced their roots to Sierra Leone through DNA analysis.",
   "evidence": "traced their roots to the West African country through DNA analysis",
   "source_name": "The EastAfrican",
   "source_url": "https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/tea/rest-of-africa/22-african-americans-granted-sierra-leone-citizenship-3248484",
   "verified_as_of": "2026-10-14"
  },
  {
   "id": 22,
   "title": "African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Agreement",
   "country": "African Union",
   "iso2": null,
   "region": null,
   "scope": "au",
   "category": "afcfta",
   "status": "in_force",
   "effective_date": "2019-05-30",
   "year": 2019,
   "summary": "The AfCFTA Agreement entered into force on 30 May 2019 for the 24 countries that had ratified by then. As of 4 September 2026, 50 signatories had deposited instruments of ratification.",
   "evidence": "50 signatories to the Agreement have deposited their instruments of AfCFTA ratification",
   "source_name": "tralac, AfCFTA key features",
   "source_url": "https://www.tralac.org/resources/infographic/13795-afcfta-key-features.html",
   "verified_as_of": "2026-10-14"
  },
  {
   "id": 23,
   "title": "AU Protocol on Free Movement of Persons, Right of Residence and Right of Establishment",
   "country": "African Union",
   "iso2": null,
   "region": null,
   "scope": "au",
   "category": "free_movement",
   "status": "signed",
   "effective_date": "2018-01-29",
   "year": 2018,
   "summary": "Adopted on 29 January 2018. It enters into force once 15 member states ratify it.",
   "evidence": "It will enter into force on ratification by 15 member states.",
   "source_name": "ISS Africa, A new dawn for African migrants",
   "source_url": "https://issafrica.org/iss-today/a-new-dawn-for-african-migrants",
   "verified_as_of": "2026-10-14"
  },
  {
   "id": 21,
   "title": "Rights of foreign nationals of Ethiopian origin (Proclamation No. 270/2002, \"Yellow Card\")",
   "country": "Ethiopia",
   "iso2": "ET",
   "region": "R4",
   "scope": "country",
   "category": "diaspora_visa",
   "status": "in_force",
   "effective_date": null,
   "year": 2002,
   "summary": "Gives foreign nationals of Ethiopian origin a set of rights in Ethiopia, including entry and residence, short of citizenship.",
   "evidence": "Proclamation No. 270/2002 concerning the rights of foreign nationals of Ethiopian origin",
   "source_name": "Citizenship Rights in Africa Initiative",
   "source_url": "https://citizenshiprightsafrica.org/en/proclamation-no-2702002-concerning-the-rights-of-foreign-nationals-of-ethiopian-origin/",
   "verified_as_of": "2026-10-14"
  },
  {
   "id": 16,
   "title": "Right of Abode (Immigration Act, 2000, Act 573, ss. 17–19)",
   "country": "Ghana",
   "iso2": "GH",
   "region": "R2",
   "scope": "country",
   "category": "right_of_abode",
   "status": "in_force",
   "effective_date": null,
   "year": 2000,
   "summary": "Lets persons of African descent in the diaspora live in Ghana indefinitely, enter without a prior visa and work or run a business without a separate work permit. It is a residency status, not citizenship, and carries no vote.",
   "evidence": "established under Sections 17 through 19 of the Immigration Act, 2000 (Act 573)",
   "source_name": "LegalClarity, Ghana Right of Abode",
   "source_url": "https://legalclarity.org/ghana-right-of-abode-permanent-residency-for-diaspora/",
   "verified_as_of": "2026-10-14"
  }
 ]
}